RAPE: A GLOBAL ISSUE

            "Let’s make our society free from rapes" 

Rape is a type of sexual assault usually involving sexual intercourse or other forms of sexual penetration carried out against a person without that person's consent.

Rape is a global issue and an embarrassment. Rape is one of the worst crimes committed against women. Unfortunately, this hateful crime has been going on for years and persists. Rape remains one of the most underreported crimes. 

                                   

                                                       

Types of Rapes:

There are several types of rape. Rape is a violent crime involving sexual acts forced on one person by another. Rape is technically defined as forced penetration including anal, vaginal, or oral intercourse. Rape is illegal and while the term "RAPE" specifies penetration, other sexual acts not involving penetration, when forced on someone, are also illegal.

The forms of rape may be specified based on who is committing the rape, who the rape victim is, and the specific actions involved in the rape. Some types of rape are considered much more severe than others. For example, any type of rape resulting in someone's death is punishable by death in the United States.

Acquaintance Rape                 

   

This is actually the most common type of Rape according to statistics.

Rape committed by a perpetrator known to the victim. Teenagers and young women are especially vulnerable to acquaintance rape. Many acquaintance rapes are initiated by the perpetrator to have sex. When the victim resists the perpetrator’s advances, the perpetrator uses more aggressive measures to ensure compliance. This is the type of rape that date rape falls under.

Date Rape

The crime of forcing or coercing sexual acts with a victim in a social situation, or on a date with the perpetrator.The crime of engaging in sexual intercourse with an individual who is under the influence of alcohol or other substances, especially if he or she was pressured to become intoxicated and have sex.

Marital Rape                

Contrary to popular belief, rape can occur in marriages. This is often a difficult fact to reconcile with the traditional view of marriage, which asserts that a wife cannot deny sexual relations with her husband. Until recently, many state rape statutes excluded spouses, making it legal for a husband to rape his wife.

Stranger Rape

                      

Rape by a person who is a complete stranger to the victim. Contrary to popular belief, statistics show that stranger rape occurs substantially less frequently than acquaintance rape.

Gang Rape

                       

This type of rape is perpetrated by a group of offenders that “take turns” assaulting victims. Group members may also participate by forcing the victim to submit, while other group members commit the rape. The motivation for a gang rapist is to assert his “manhood” and power and gain acceptance by a group of his peers. While it is feasible for women to commit gang rape, research supports the notion that males represent the overwhelming majority as culprits of the gang and other types of rape.

Age-Related Rape

                            

Another form of rape is age-related. This type of rape is often known as statutory rape as specified both in federal and state law. In this case, sexual actions with a person below a minimum age are considered illegal in all cases. Often this age is 12. There is often another age, known as the age of consent. Sexual acts with a person above the minimum age but below the age of consent may be considered rape depending on the perpetrator. Specific ages are specified by the state.

Aggravated Rape

                         

Aggravated rape is a type of rape defined in the law. Aggravated rape involves:

• Forced sex acts by the threat of death or serious bodily injury
• Forced sex acts involving an unconscious or drugged victim
• Sex acts with children under the age of 12

Rape can occur in many other ways as well, including by strangers or in conjunction with a hate crime. However, it's critical to remember that whatever form of rape occurs, it is always the fault of the rapist and never the fault of the victim.

Effects of Rape 

The effects of rape can include both the initial physical trauma as well as deep psychological trauma. Although rape victims commonly report injuries and issues with their reproductive health after the sexual assault, rape doesn't always involve physical force. The most common and lasting effects of rape involve mental health concerns and diminished social confidence.

Physical Effects of Rape

                       

Physical effects of rape can arise from both forced sexual assault and those not involving forcible submission, such as drug-assisted date rape. Forced sexual assault frequently causes visible bruising or bleeding in and around the vaginal or anal area and bruises on other parts of the body from coercive violence. But both forced and other types of rape can have many other physical consequences:

• Painful intercourse
• Urinary infections
• Uterine fibroids – non-cancerous tumors in the muscle wall
• Pregnancy
• Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) – HIV, genital warts, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and others

Psychological Effects of Rape

                               

Victims experience both short and long-term psychological effects of rape. One of the most common psychological consequences of rape is self-blame. Victims use self-blame as an avoidance-based coping tool. Self-blame slows or, in many cases, stops the healing process. Other common emotional and psychological effects of rape include:

• Posttraumatic stress disorder – feelings of severe anxiety and stress
• Depression
• Flashbacks – memories of rape as if it is taking place again
• Borderline personality disorder
• Sleep disorders
• Eating disorders
• Dissociative disorder
• Guilt
• Distrust of others – uneasy in everyday social situations
• Anger
• Feelings of personal powerlessness – victims feel the rapist robbed them of control over their bodies

Countries with highest rape rates:

Here are the 10 countries with the highest rape rates:

• South Africa(132.40)

• Botswana(92.90)

• Lesotho(82.70)

• Eswatini(77.50)

• Bermuda(67.30)

• Sweden(63.50)

• Suriname(45.20)

• Costa Rica(36.70)

• Nicaragua(31.60)

• Grenada(30.60)

Worst Gang-Rape Cases Around The World

• 2012 Delhi gang-rape case

• 1993 Houston gang rapes

• Murder of Anita Cobby

• 2009 Richmond High School gang rape

• 2016 Yuyun Gang Rape Sumatra

• 2006 Qatif gang rape, Saudi Arabia

• Oksana Makar gang rape, Ukraine

Ten rape cases that shook India

•  Aruna Shanbaug Case

• Mathura rape case

• Scarlett Kelling Rape and Murder

• Priyadarshini Mattoo Rape Case

• Nirbhaya Case

• Shakti Mills gang-rape

• Imrana Rape Case

• Soumya  Murder Case

• Bhanwari Devi Case

Punishment for rapes in different Countries

• India: Life imprisonment to a death sentence

• USA: Imprisonment for life

• France: 15 years to life

• China: Death sentence or castration

• Russia: 3 to 20 years

• Saudi Arabia: Beheading within days

• North Korea: Death by firing squad

• Afghanistan: Shot in the head or hanged to death

• Egypt: Death by hanging

• Iran: Hanged to death

• Norway: 4 to 15 years

                                   

      "Raping a girl is never forgivable".

                                                                                                             By - Manisha